LEAVES: Evergreen needles occur singly, spirally arranged on twigs, sharp-pointed, four-sided, usually 3/4″ long, dark green.
TWIGS: Bright, golden-brown. Buds egg-shaped, darker than twigs.
FRUIT: A cylindrical cone, 4″-7″ long, light brown; scales with finely toothed margin, broader than long.
BARK: Relatively thin, reddish brown, scaly, becoming gray-brown but seldom furrowed on old trees.
GENERAL: A European species that has become a valuable naturalized member of our forests, and extensively planted as an ornamental. A large tree with a dense conical crown. Branchlets on older trees droop. Wood used chiefly for paper pulp, boxes, crates and lumber.
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